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Kligler Iron Agar is used for the differentiation of members of the Enterobacteriaceae on the basis of their ability to ferment dextrose and lactose and to produce sulfides.

In 1911, Russell described a new double sugar tube medium for the isolation of typhoid bacilli from urine and feces.¹ Six years later, Kligler developed a simple lead acetate medium for the differentiation of the typhoid-paratyphoid group.² Subsequently, Kligler evaluated culture media used in the isolation and differentiation of typhoid, dysentery and allied bacilli and endorsed Russell's medium.³ Bailey and Lacey substituted phenol red for the Andrade indicator previously used as a pH indicator.⁴

The current formulation of Kligler Iron Agar combines features of Kligler's lead acetate medium with those of Russell's double sugar agar.

See "Quality Control Procedures."

Quality Control requirements must be performed in accordance with applicable local, state and/or federal regulations or accreditation requirements and your laboratory's standard Quality Control procedures. It is recommended that the user refer to pertinent CLSI (formerly NCCLS) guidance and CLIA regulations for appropriate Quality Control practices.

A single electrode of sufficiently small size to fit into the tubes should be used to determine the pH potentiometrically of tubed media. The tip of the electrode should be positioned in the central portion of the agar mass in solid media.

For in vitro Diagnostic Use.

Tubes with tight caps should be opened carefully to avoid injury due to breakage of glass.

Observe aseptic techniques and established precautions against microbiological hazards throughout all procedures. After use, prepared tubes, specimen containers and other contaminated materials must be sterilized by autoclaving before discarding.