BD strives to provide important up-to-date information to those in the healthcare industry. BD remains current by examining issues relevant to private industries, international aid and development agencies, and governments around the world.

The links found here provide some of the most current information on immunization and injection safety.

• Safe Immunization:
  • WHO-UNICEF joint statement on the use of auto-disable syringes in immunization services
  
  
• Facts About Unsafe Injection:
  • WHO Fact Sheet - Safety on injections
    A brief background
    Facts and figures
    A glossary
    
  • Injection Safety: a Global challenge
    Y.J.F. Hutlin & R.T. Chen, Bulletin of the WHO, 1999, 77 (10)
  • Unsafe injections in the developing world and transmission of bloodborne pathogens: a review
    L. Simonsen, A. Kane, J. Lloyd, M.Zaffran & M. Kane
  • Transmission of hepatitis B, hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency viruses through unsafe injections in the developing world: model-based regional estimates
    A. Kane, J. Lloyd, M. Zaffran, L. Simonsen & M. Kane
  • Safety of immunization injections in Africa: not simply a problem of logistics
    M. Dicko, A.-Q.O. Oni, S. Gavinet, S. Kone, L. Pierre, & B Jacquet
  
  
• Cost of Unsafe Injection:
  • The cost of unsafe injections
    M. A. Miller & E. Pisani
  • The cost-effectiveness of policies for the safe and appropriate use of injection in healthcare settings
    Gerald Dziekan, Daniel Chisholm, Benjamin Johns, Juan Rovira & Yvan J. F. Hutlin
  
  
• How to Improve Injection Safety:
  • Safety of injections
    WHO-UNICEF-UNFPA Joint statement on the use of auto-disable syringes in immunization services
  • Strategies for safe injections
    Battersby, R. Feilden, P. Stoeckel, A. Da Silva, C. Nelson & A. Bass7
  • Best infection control practices for intradermal, subcutaneous, and intramuscular needle injections
    Yvan Hutin, Anja Hauri, Linda Chiarello, Mary Catlin, Barbara Stilwell, Tesfamicael Ghebrehiwet, Julia Garner, & the Members of the Injection Safety Best Practices Development Group
  • Model-based estimates of risks of disease transmission and economic costs of seven injection devices in sub-Saharan Africa
    Donatus U. Ekwueme, Bruce G. Weniger & Robert T. Chen
  • Safety of mass immunization campaigns
  
  
• BD Products In Use Around The World:
  • Introducing auto-disable syringes to the national immunization program in Madagascar
    Paul K. Drain, Josoa S. Ralaivao, Alexander Rakotonandrasana & Mary A. Carnell
  • Safety, effectiveness and ease of use of a non-reusable syringe in a developing country immunization program
    Steinglass, D. Boyd, M. Grabowsky, A. G. Laghari, M.A. Khan, A. Qavi & P. Evans
  • Home delivery of heat-stable vaccines in Indonesia:outreach immunization with a prefilled, single-use injection device
    Sutanto, I.M. Suarnawa, C.M. Nelson, T. Stewart & T. Indijati Soewarso
  
  
• Fact About Technology Transfer:
  • Auto-disable syringes for immunization: issues in technology transfer
    J.S. Lloyd & J.B. Milstien
  
  
• International Agencies:
  • World Health Organization (WHO)
  • WHO Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI)
  • Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)
  • United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)
  • United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)
  
  
• US Government Agencies:
  • Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC)
  • United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
  • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID)
  
  
• Vaccine and Immunization Information:
  • Understanding Vaccines
  
  
• Other Health-Related Links:
  • Gates Foundation
  • Bill & Melinda Gates Children's Vaccine Program
  • Global Alliance for Vaccines & Immunization (GAVI)
  • Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH)
  • US Fund for UNICEF